Generation of optimized preparations of bone morphogenetic proteins for bone regeneration

Ukr Biochem J. 2016 Nov-Dec;88(6):87-97. doi: 10.15407/ubj88.06.087.

Abstract

Correction of inherited skeletal abnormalities, traumas affecting wide bone areas and non-healing fractures require efficient bone formation and regeneration. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are signa­ling molecules that play a crucial role in bone and cartilage formation and regeneration. Osteoinductive properties of existing hydroxyapatite-based osteoplastic materials are frequently insufficient for efficient bone regeneration, thus raising a requirement for novel matrices involving BMPs for highly efficient local induction of bone formation at the area of the bone defect. The aim of this study was conducting in vitro optimization of osteoinductive properties of recombinant BMPs preparations to be used in bone regenerative practice. Recombinant BMPs were produced in human embryonic kidney 293 cells upon their transfection or co-transfection with plasmids expressing BMP2 and BMP7 at different ratios. A quality of BMP preps was validated based on their ability to induce in vitro osteoblast differentiation of C2C12 cells. Alkaline phosphatase that is widely used as a marker of osteoblast differentiation was measured spectrophotometrically. We found that the most effective inducer of osteoblast differentiation was recombinant BMP preparation produced upon cotransfection of 85% of BMP2 and 15% of BMP7 plasmids, that is most likely due to generation of conditions most favorable for formation of BMP2/7 heterodimers. Frozen BMP2/7 preparations stored for 3 h in experimental setup and for several weeks in routine work do not lose their osteoinductive properties compared with freshly prepared BMP2/7 preparations and can be successfully used for generation of highly efficient bone regenerative matrices.

MeSH terms

  • Alkaline Phosphatase / genetics
  • Alkaline Phosphatase / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / genetics*
  • Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / metabolism
  • Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 / genetics*
  • Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 / metabolism
  • Bone Regeneration / genetics*
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cell Line
  • Gene Expression
  • Genes, Reporter
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Luciferases / genetics
  • Luciferases / metabolism
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / cytology
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Myoblasts / cytology
  • Myoblasts / metabolism
  • Osteoblasts / cytology
  • Osteoblasts / metabolism*
  • Osteogenesis / genetics*
  • Plasmids / chemistry
  • Plasmids / metabolism
  • Transfection

Substances

  • BMP2 protein, human
  • BMP7 protein, human
  • Biomarkers
  • Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
  • Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7
  • Luciferases
  • Alkaline Phosphatase