Evaluation of the effect of dabrafenib and metabolites on QTc interval in patients with BRAF V600-mutant tumours

Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Apr;84(4):764-775. doi: 10.1111/bcp.13488. Epub 2018 Jan 23.

Abstract

Aims: The effect of repeat oral supratherapeutic dosing of the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib on QTc interval was assessed in patients with BRAF V600-mutant tumours.

Methods: Part 1 of this phase 1, multicentre, 2-part study (BRF113773/NCT01738451) assessed safety/tolerability of dabrafenib 225 or 300 mg twice daily (BID) to inform part 2 dosing. Patients in part 2 received dabrafenib-matched placebo on day -1, single-dose dabrafenib 300 mg on day 1, 300 mg BID on days 2 to 7, and 300 mg on day 8 (morning), followed by 24-h Holter electrocardiographic monitoring and pharmacokinetics sample collection each dose day. Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics analysis assessed combined dabrafenib and metabolite effects on QTc interval.

Results: Part 1 (n = 12) determined supratherapeutic dosing, 300 mg BID, for part 2. Thirty-one patients completed part 2. Mean maximum ΔΔQTcF occurred on day 8, 10 h postdose (2.86 msec; 90% CI, -1.36 to 7.07). Categorical analysis showed no placebo and dabrafenib outliers (increase >60 msec; QTcF >500 msec). Day 1 dabrafenib 300 mg Cmax and AUC(0-∞) were ≈ 2-fold higher than with single-dose 150 mg. Day 8 AUC(0-τ) with 300 mg BID was ≈ 2.7-fold higher than with 150 mg BID. Dabrafenib metabolites showed similar trends. Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics modelling/simulation showed that median QTc increase was <5 msec (upper 90% CI, <10 msec). No unexpected toxicities occurred with supratherapeutic dosing.

Conclusion: Repeat oral supratherapeutic dabrafenib 300 mg BID dosing had no clinically relevant effect on QTc interval, with no new safety signals seen.

Keywords: QT prolongation; drug safety; oncology; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Area Under Curve
  • Computer Simulation
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Electrocardiography, Ambulatory / methods
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Imidazoles / administration & dosage*
  • Imidazoles / adverse effects
  • Imidazoles / pharmacokinetics
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Biological
  • Mutation
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Neoplasms / genetics
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • Oximes / administration & dosage*
  • Oximes / adverse effects
  • Oximes / pharmacokinetics
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / genetics*

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Imidazoles
  • Oximes
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • BRAF protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
  • dabrafenib

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01738451