Gender and race as correlates of high risk sex behaviors among injection drug users at risk for HIV enrolled in the HPTN 037 study

Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018 Feb 1:183:267-274. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.11.018. Epub 2018 Jan 4.

Abstract

Background: Sexual contact has been shown to be a major mode of HIV transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID). This study examined gender and racial differences among PWID' sexual risk behaviors from the perspective of sexual scripts.

Methods: 696 PWID enrolled from Philadelphia on HPTN 037 were classified as engaging in high-risk sex behaviors if they reported having sex in the past 30 days and condomless sex with a non-primary partner, giving/receiving sex for money, or multiple partners. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess associations between demographic factors and high risk sex.

Results: Findings of the multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that being White (OR = 0.52, p < 0.001) and male (OR = 0.59, p = 0.002) were protective of high risk sex, while homelessness (OR = 1.7, p = 0.005), and being single (OR = 1.83, p = 0.006) were positively associated with high risk sex. African American (AA) women were 1.7 times more likely to report high-risk sex than AA men (p = 0.002), 3.28 times more likely than White men (p < 0.001), and 1.93 times more likely than White women (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Since AA women report high-risk sex behaviors more than other demographic groups, behavioral interventions for HIV risk reduction among PWID may benefit from focusing on sex-risk reduction among AA women.

Keywords: African american; Gender; High risk sex; Injection drug use; Race.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Black or African American / psychology
  • Drug Users / psychology*
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / ethnology
  • HIV Infections / etiology
  • HIV Infections / transmission
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Philadelphia
  • Racial Groups / psychology*
  • Risk-Taking*
  • Sex Factors*
  • Sexual Behavior*
  • Sexual Partners
  • Unsafe Sex / ethnology
  • Unsafe Sex / psychology
  • White People / psychology
  • Young Adult