Molecular Imaging in Cancer Drug Development

J Nucl Med. 2018 May;59(5):726-732. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.116.188045. Epub 2018 Jan 25.

Abstract

Development of new oncology drugs has increased since the improved understanding of cancer's complex biology. The oncology field has become the top therapeutic research area for new drugs. However, only a limited number of drugs entering clinical trials will be approved for use as the standard of care for cancer patients. Molecular imaging is increasingly perceived as a tool to support go/no-go decisions early during drug development. It encompasses a wide range of techniques that include radiolabeling a compound of interest followed by visualization with SPECT or PET. Radiolabeling can be performed using a variety of radionuclides, which are preferably matched to the compound on the basis of size and half-life. Imaging can provide information on drug behavior in vivo, whole-body drug target visualization, and heterogeneity in drug target expression. This review focuses on current applications of molecular imaging in the development of small molecules, antibodies, and antihormonal anticancer drugs.

Keywords: PET; cancer; drug development; molecular imaging.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Activin Receptors, Type II / metabolism
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / chemistry
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Biopsy
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Drug Development*
  • ErbB Receptors / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Molecular Imaging*
  • Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Optical Imaging
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • Radioisotopes / chemistry
  • Receptors, Growth Factor / metabolism
  • Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Radioisotopes
  • Receptors, Growth Factor
  • EGFR protein, human
  • ErbB Receptors
  • ACVRL1 protein, human
  • Activin Receptors, Type II