Successful management of a complicated clinical crisis: A patient with left-sided endocarditis and secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a rare case report and literature review

Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Dec;96(51):e9451. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000009451.

Abstract

Rationale: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) secondary to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE)-related left-sided infectious endocarditis had never been reported before. In the last decade, daptomycin, a novel lipopeptide antibiotic, showed its excellent role in anti-Gram-positive bacteria, including soft tissue infection, bloodstream and deep tissueinfection.

Patient concerns: An Asian women under sever condition due to the cooccurrence of HLH and MRSE-related endocarditis while also be allergic to vancomycin. The patient was cured by high-dose daptomycin monotheraphy, HLH-2004 protocol and cardiothoracic surgery to remove the valve at last, and was obviously benefit from the endeavor of a multidisciplinary team (MDT) strategy.

Diagnoses: IE was made on March 27according to the modified Duke criteria. HLH was diagnosed too.

Interventions: The patient was cured by high-dose daptomycin monotheraphy, HLH-2004 protocol and cardiothoracic surgery to remove the valve at last, and was obviously benefit from the endeavor of a multidisciplinary team (MDT) strategy.

Outcomes: The patient was healthy andstable when we published this case.

Lessons: This case proves high-dose daptomycin monotheraphy could be used as an effective alternative regimen for vancomycin in treating MRSE-related left-sided endocarditis and highlight the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management for HLH. Furthermore, our work suggests an MDT model as a practical strategy in managing similar clinical situation.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Daptomycin / therapeutic use
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial / complications*
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial / microbiology
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial / surgery
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial / therapy
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / complications*
  • Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / etiology
  • Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / microbiology
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus*
  • Staphylococcal Infections / complications*
  • Staphylococcal Infections / microbiology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Daptomycin