Clostridial Abomasitis and Enteritis in Ruminants

Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2018 Mar;34(1):155-184. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2017.10.010.

Abstract

Clostridial abomasitis and enteritis are important alimentary diseases observed in all domestic ruminant species. These diseases most commonly result from overgrowth of Clostridium perfringens types A, B, C, D, and E with the associated release of bacterial exotoxins that result in necrosis of the abomasal or intestinal mucosa. Clostridium difficile may also be associated with enteritis in calves but is much less common than disease caused by C perfringens. This article reviews the causes, pathophysiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of clostridial gastrointestinal diseases in ruminants. Particular emphasis is given to describing the various forms of disease and treatment of individual cases.

Keywords: Abomasitis; Clostridium difficile; Clostridium perfringens; Enteritis; Enterotoxemia; Ruminant.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Abomasum / microbiology*
  • Abomasum / pathology
  • Animals
  • Cattle
  • Cattle Diseases / microbiology*
  • Cattle Diseases / pathology
  • Clostridium Infections / microbiology
  • Clostridium Infections / pathology
  • Clostridium Infections / veterinary*
  • Clostridium perfringens / isolation & purification*
  • Enteritis / microbiology
  • Enteritis / veterinary*
  • Gastrointestinal Diseases / microbiology
  • Gastrointestinal Diseases / veterinary*
  • Goat Diseases / microbiology*
  • Goat Diseases / pathology
  • Goats
  • Sheep
  • Sheep Diseases / microbiology*
  • Sheep Diseases / pathology