High Incidence of Tuberculosis Infection in HIV-exposed Children Exiting an Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Trial

Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2018 Oct;37(10):e254-e256. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001946.

Abstract

Young HIV-exposed children are at high risk for TB infection. We performed QuantiFERON-TB Gold among HIV-exposed children in South Africa at enrolment and 1-year follow-up. The incidence of TB infection was high for HIV+ (11 cases per 100 child-years) and HIV-exposed uninfected children (15 cases per 100 child-years). QuantiFERON-TB Gold may identify HIV-exposed children at risk for TB disease progression.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase II
  • Clinical Trial, Phase III
  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Antitubercular Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Child, Preschool
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • HIV Infections / microbiology
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Infant
  • Interferon-gamma / analysis
  • Isoniazid / therapeutic use*
  • Latent Tuberculosis
  • Male
  • Prevalence
  • South Africa / epidemiology
  • Tuberculosis / epidemiology*
  • Tuberculosis / prevention & control

Substances

  • Antitubercular Agents
  • Interferon-gamma
  • Isoniazid