Suppression of HDAC2 in Spinal Cord Alleviates Mechanical Hyperalgesia and Restores KCC2 Expression in a Rat Model of Bone Cancer Pain

Neuroscience. 2018 May 1:377:138-149. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.02.026. Epub 2018 Feb 23.

Abstract

Epigenetic modulation participates in the mechanism of multiple types of pathological pain, so targeting the involved regulators may be a promising strategy for pain treatment. Our previous research identified the analgesic effect of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) on mechanical hyperalgesia in a rat model of bone cancer pain (BCP) via restoration of μ-opioid receptor (MOR) expression. However, the specific types of HDACs contributing to BCP have not been explored. The present study investigated the expression pattern of some common HDACs and found that HDAC2 was up-regulated in a time-dependent manner in the lumbar spinal cord of BCP rats. TSA application suppressed HDAC2 expression in cultured PC12 cells and reversed the augmented HDAC2 in BCP rats. An RNA-interfering strategy confirmed the essential role of HDAC2 in the modulation of mechanical hyperalgesia following tumor cell inoculation, and we further examined its possible downstream targets. Notably, HDAC2 knock-down did not restore MOR expression, but it robustly reversed the down-regulation of potassium-chloride cotransporter 2 (KCC2). The impaired KCC2 expression is a vital mechanism of many types of pathological pain. Therefore, our results demonstrated that HDAC2 in spinal cord contributed to the mechanical hyperalgesia in BCP rats, and this effect may be associated with KCC2 modulation.

Keywords: bone cancer pain; histone deacetylase 2; mechanical hyperalgesia; potassium-chloride cotransporter 2; trichostatin A; μ-opioid receptor.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Bone Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Cancer Pain / metabolism
  • Cancer Pain / therapy*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
  • Gene Knockdown Techniques
  • Histone Deacetylase 2 / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Histone Deacetylase 2 / genetics
  • Histone Deacetylase 2 / metabolism
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Hydroxamic Acids / pharmacology
  • Hyperalgesia / metabolism
  • Hyperalgesia / therapy*
  • K Cl- Cotransporters
  • Musculoskeletal Pain / metabolism
  • Musculoskeletal Pain / therapy
  • Neoplasm Transplantation
  • RNA Interference
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Spinal Cord / drug effects
  • Spinal Cord / metabolism*
  • Symporters / metabolism
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
  • Hydroxamic Acids
  • Symporters
  • trichostatin A
  • Hdac2 protein, rat
  • Histone Deacetylase 2