Cortical Spreading Depression and Ischemia in Neurocritical Patients

Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2018 Apr;29(2):223-229. doi: 10.1016/j.nec.2017.11.003.

Abstract

Spreading depolarization in cerebral cortex is associated with swelling of neurons, distortion of dendritic spines, massive ion translocation with a large change of the slow electrical potential, and silencing of brain electrical activity. The term spreading depression represents a wave of spontaneous activity of the electrocorticogram that propagates through contiguous cerebral gray matter at a characteristic velocity. Spreading depression is a consequence of cortical spreading depolarization. Therefore, spreading depolarization is not always accompanied by spreading depression and the terms are not synonymous.

Keywords: Cerebral blood flow; Cortical spreading depression; Delayed cerebral ischemia; Spreading depolarization; Spreading depression; Spreading ischemia; Stroke; Subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Brain Injuries / physiopathology*
  • Brain Injuries / therapy
  • Brain Ischemia / complications
  • Brain Ischemia / physiopathology*
  • Brain Ischemia / therapy
  • Cortical Spreading Depression / physiology*
  • Electroencephalography / methods
  • Humans
  • Stroke / complications
  • Stroke / physiopathology
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / complications
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / physiopathology*