The Effects of Sub-lethal Dietary Mercury on Growth Performance, Bioaccumulation, and Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes in Sea Cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2018 May;100(5):683-689. doi: 10.1007/s00128-018-2321-9. Epub 2018 Mar 14.

Abstract

Triplicate groups of sea cucumbers (4.83 ± 0.15 g) were exposed to one of the four nominal concentrations of dietary mercury [0 (control), 67.6, 338, and 676 mg/kg dry weight, and actually total mercury were 17.55, 87.00, 275.50, 468.50 mg/kg, respectively; Table 3] for 21 days. Mercury accumulation in the intestine showed the greatest mercury burden (77.96 ± 1.20 mg Hg/kg tissue wet weight basis). However, survival rate (SR) was not affected. Body weight gain after the 676 mg Hg/kg treatment was significantly lower than the control group. The feed conversion rate of the 676 mg Hg/kg treatment group was significantly higher than the control group. Additionally, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of sea cucumbers decreased as the mercury dose increased. SOD, T-AOC and alkaline phosphatase of the 676 mg Hg/kg treatment group were significantly lower than the control group. However, there were no significant differences between the four groups in acid phosphatase and catalase (CAT) activity.

Keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; Bioaccumulation; Echinoderm; Growth performance; Heavy metal.

MeSH terms

  • Alkaline Phosphatase / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / metabolism
  • Diet
  • Dietary Exposure
  • Immunity, Innate
  • Intestines
  • Mercury / metabolism
  • Mercury / toxicity*
  • Sea Cucumbers
  • Stichopus / drug effects
  • Stichopus / physiology*
  • Superoxide Dismutase / metabolism
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / metabolism
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / toxicity*

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Alkaline Phosphatase
  • Mercury