Analysis of circulating tumor DNA does not improve the clinical management of patients with locally advanced and metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma

Head Neck. 2018 Aug;40(8):1752-1758. doi: 10.1002/hed.25155. Epub 2018 Mar 22.

Abstract

Background: Circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) in plasma is a promising noninvasive instrument for cancer monitoring. Detection of BRAFV600E on ctDNA of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) may represent an indicator of tumor aggressiveness and progression.

Methods: Eighty-three plasma samples were collected from 70 patients with thyroid nodules undergoing surgery and from 13 patients with PTC causing distant metastases. A total of 59 PTCs from both groups were evaluated for BRAF mutation on tumor tissue and on ctDNA from plasma samples by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and digital PCR.

Results: Of 59 PTCs, 22 were BRAFV600E mutated (37.3%). The corresponding ctDNA was negative by using both techniques.

Conclusion: Although highly sensitive techniques were used, in our study, circulating BRAFV600E alleles were never detected in the plasma of patients with PTC; therefore, our results raise the question about the clinical usefulness of BRAFV600E analysis on ctDNA of patients with PTC.

Keywords: BRAF; circulating tumor DNA; digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR); papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC); thyroid cancer.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Circulating Tumor DNA / blood*
  • Female
  • Gene Frequency
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / genetics*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / metabolism
  • Thyroid Cancer, Papillary / genetics*
  • Thyroid Cancer, Papillary / metabolism
  • Thyroid Cancer, Papillary / surgery
  • Thyroid Neoplasms / pathology
  • Thyroid Neoplasms / surgery

Substances

  • Circulating Tumor DNA
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf