Abstract
Eighty-five children were diagnosed with culture-confirmed nontuberculous mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis within the MYCOMED surveillance network from 2004 to 2013. The mean incidence sharply increased from 0.57 to 3.7 per 100,000 children per year, after the discontinuation of mandatory bacillus Calmette and Guérin immunization in 2007. Cases were documented as Mycobacterium avium (62.3%), Mycobacterium intracellulare (15.3%) and Mycobacterium lentiflavum (12.9%). Outcome was favorable in all, with or without surgery or antimycobacterial treatment.
MeSH terms
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BCG Vaccine / administration & dosage
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Child, Preschool
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Disease Management
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Female
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France / epidemiology
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Humans
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Immunization Programs / legislation & jurisprudence*
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Immunization Programs / trends
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Incidence
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Infant
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Lymphadenitis / epidemiology*
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Lymphadenitis / microbiology*
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Male
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Mandatory Programs / legislation & jurisprudence
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Mandatory Programs / trends
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Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / epidemiology*
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Mycobacterium avium / isolation & purification
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Mycobacterium avium Complex / isolation & purification
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Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / isolation & purification
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Retrospective Studies