Purpose: Pharyngeal fistula (PF) is one of the most common complications after total laryngectomy (TL). The tracheostoma plasty technique according to Herrmann (TPH) represents an alternative surgical technique to shape the tracheostoma. The aim of this study was to determine whether the performance of a TPH affects the incidence of PF after TL. A secondary aim was to identify potential risk factors for the development of PF with regard to TPH.
Methods: Retrospective evaluation of records of 151 consecutive patients at two tertiary care centers with regard to the occurrence and risk factors of PF after TL with and without TPH.
Results: 60 patients with TPH and 91 patients without TPH contributed to the results. The overall incidence of PF was 21.2% (32 out of 151). 23.3% (14 out of 60) of patients with TPH and 19.8% (18 of 91) of patients without TPH developed a PF (p = 0.91). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed significant influence of salvage surgery on the risk to develop PF (odds ratio = 2.9; 95% CI 1.16-7.23; p = 0.026). The occurrence of PF was not significantly influenced by any other investigated factors including performance of TPH.
Conclusions: Performance of TPH after TL does not increase the incidence of PF. Thus, TPH can be considered as a safe alternative surgical technique for the shaping of the tracheostoma following TL.
Keywords: Fistula; Postoperative complications; Risk factors; Total laryngectomy; Tracheostomy.