Randomized controlled trial: PPI-based triple therapy containing metronidazole versus clarithromycin as first-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori in adolescents and young adults in Japan

J Infect Chemother. 2018 Jul;24(7):538-543. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2018.02.013. Epub 2018 Mar 28.

Abstract

Background/aims: Treating Helicobacter pylori infection in young people is effective for preventing gastric cancer. This study compares the efficacy of triple therapies in adolescents and young adults in Japan.

Methods: This multicenter, randomized trial was conducted between February 2012 and March 2015. Infected participants were stratified into adolescents (13-19 years) and young adults (20-39 years). They were randomly assigned to a clarithromycin based (PAC) or metronidazole based (PAM) triple therapy for 1 week.

Results: Overall, 137 and 169 participants received the PAC and PAM treatments, respectively. In adolescents, the H. pylori eradication rates were 60.5% and 63.4% for PAC, and 98.3% and 100% for PAM in the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses, respectively. In young adults, the eradication rates were 67.0% and 66.7% for PAC, and 95.5% and 96.3% for PAM in ITT and PP analyses, respectively. The eradication rate of PAM was significantly higher than that of PAC in both strata. No severe adverse events were observed.

Conclusion: In Japan, PAM may be selected as a first-line treatment for young people with H. pylori if antibiotic susceptibility tests cannot be performed.

Keywords: Adolescents; Helicobacter pylori; Metronidazole; PPI; Triple therapy; Young adults.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Amoxicillin / therapeutic use
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Clarithromycin / therapeutic use*
  • Female
  • Helicobacter Infections / blood
  • Helicobacter Infections / diagnosis
  • Helicobacter Infections / drug therapy*
  • Helicobacter Infections / urine
  • Helicobacter pylori / drug effects*
  • Hospitals
  • Humans
  • Japan
  • Male
  • Metronidazole / therapeutic use*
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors
  • Metronidazole
  • Amoxicillin
  • Clarithromycin