The role of ADHD associated genes in neurodevelopment

Callum Dark; Jihane Homman-Ludiye; Robert J Bryson-Richardson

doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.03.023

The role of ADHD associated genes in neurodevelopment

Dev Biol. 2018 Jun 15;438(2):69-83. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.03.023. Epub 2018 Mar 30.

Authors

Callum Dark¹, Jihane Homman-Ludiye², Robert J Bryson-Richardson³

Affiliations

¹ School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia. Electronic address: [email protected].
³ School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 29608877
DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.03.023

Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood. It is primarily characterised by high levels of activity, inattention, and impulsivity, and has strong negative impacts on academic functioning. Children with ADHD show a reduction in volume, and hypoactivity, in a range of brain regions. The underlying mechanisms behind these phenotypes are unknown, however, variants in several genes with known roles in neurodevelopment are associated with ADHD. In this review we discuss how these ADHD associated genes contribute to neurodevelopment, and how variants in these genes could give rise to the neurological phenotypes seen in ADHD.

Keywords: ADHD; Neurodevelopment; Psychiatric disorder; Synaptogenesis.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / etiology
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / genetics*
Brain / physiopathology
Humans
Impulsive Behavior
Neurodevelopmental Disorders / genetics
Neurons / physiology
Synapses / genetics
Synapses / physiology