The antiwrinkle and antimelanogenic effects of the nonedible part of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench and their augmentation by fermentation

J Cosmet Sci. 2017 Jul/Aug;68(4):271-283.

Abstract

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a major cereal crop. Despite the wide cultivation of sorghum, its stalks are used as hay and silage. The plant has numerous bioactive compounds including cosmeceutical ingredients. Thus, we investigated the antimelanogenic and SSE that is prepared from the stalk of Sorghum bicolor L. (SSE) after ethanol (EtOH) extraction. Based on the antioxidant capacity, antityrosinase activity, and suppression of the protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -2, and -3 in human neonatal foreskin HDF-N cells, a 50% EtOH extraction of SSEs showed antimelanogenic and antiwrinkle potential. To enrich the cosmeceutical potential of SSE, a fermentation process was applied to SSE with the use of the fungus Aspergillus oryzae NK ( f SSE). On additional fermentation, the cosmeceutical potential of SSE increased with further enhancement of antityrosinase activity and suppression of MMP-1, -2, and -3 protein expression. SSE contains p-coumaric acid, and its level was enriched by the fermentation process. Collectively, SSE and its fermented product can serve as good ingredients in new cosmeceutical compounds.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Cosmetics / chemistry
  • Cosmetics / pharmacology*
  • Coumaric Acids
  • Fermentation
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Melanoma
  • Metalloproteases / metabolism
  • Mice
  • NIH 3T3 Cells
  • Plant Extracts / chemistry
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Plant Stems / chemistry
  • Propionates / chemistry
  • Skin Aging / drug effects
  • Skin Pigmentation / drug effects*
  • Sorghum / chemistry*

Substances

  • Cosmetics
  • Coumaric Acids
  • Plant Extracts
  • Propionates
  • Metalloproteases
  • p-coumaric acid