Background: Help in management of non-palpable testicular tumors. French Urologic Association Genital cancer committee's Edit.
Objectives: To review their characterization at imaging findings of non-palpable testicular tumors.
Documentary sources: Literature review (PubMed, Medline) of urological and radiological studies dealing with testicular tumors using keywords: non-palpable/incidental testicular tumors; color Doppler ultrasound; US elastography; magnetic resonance imaging; contrast enhanced sonography; partial surgery.
Results: Color Doppler is the basic exam. The size, the presence of microlithts/microlithiasis/macrocalcifications, the vascular architecture are major semiological findings to suggest the benign or the malignant nature of the lesion. Other techniques like multiparametric MRI, contrast-enhanced sonography, sonographic elastography are still in evaluation. The frequency of benign tumors such as Leydig cell tumors lead to preservation management, through improved characterization, monitoring or tumorectomy.
Limits: Non-randomized study - a very few prospective studies.
Conclusion: The era of total orchiectomy for any uncertain testicular lesion is over. We try the challenge of characterization, and define management's algorithms based on the suspected nature of the tumors.
Keywords: Chirurgie conservatrice; Color Doppler ultrasound; Contrast-enhanced sonography; Imagerie par résonance magnétique; Magnetic resonance imaging; Non-palpable/incidental testicular tumors; Partial surgery; Tumeur testiculaire non palpable; US elastography; Écho-Doppler couleur; Échographie de contraste; Élastographie.
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