The preoperative stratification of patients based on renal scan data is unable to predict the functional outcome after partial nephrectomy

Int Braz J Urol. 2018 Jul-Aug;44(4):740-749. doi: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2017.0636.

Abstract

Introduction: eGFR-categories are used to predict functional outcome after partial nephrectomy (PN); no study categorized patients according to preoperative renal scan (RS) data. Aim of the study was to evaluate if stratification of patients according to RS is a reliable method to predict minor/major loss of renal function after PN.

Materials and methods: We considered patients who underwent PN and RS pre-/post-PN for T1 tumor in our Institution (2007-2017). Demographics, perioperative and specifically functional data were analysed. On the basis of the baseline Split Renal Function (SRF), patients were stratified into risk-categories: 1) baseline operated-kidney SRF range 45-55%; 2) baseline operated-kidney SRF < 45%. Risk categories were analysed with postoperative functional outcome: postoperative operated-kidney SRF decrease below 90% of baseline was considered significant loss of function. Contingency tables and univariate/multivariate regression were analysed looking for independent factors of postoperative functional impairment.

Results: 224 patients were analysed, 125 (55.8%) maintained >90% of their baseline function. Worse probability of maintaining ≥90 baseline renal function was found in patients with Charlson's Comorbidity Index (CCI≥3) (p=0.004) and patients with PADUA score ≥8 (p=0.023). After stratification by baseline renal function, ischemia was the only independent factor: no effect on patients with poorer baseline renal function. Patients with baseline SRF 45-55% who did not experience ischemia had the highest probability to maintain ≥90% baseline SRF (p=0.028). Ischemia >25 minutes was detrimental (p=0.017).

Conclusions: Stratification of patients by SRF before PN is not a reliable predictor of renal functional outcome. Ischemia seems to scarcely influence patients with poorer renal function.

Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Nephrectomy.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / physiopathology*
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / surgery*
  • Creatinine / blood
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate
  • Humans
  • Kidney / blood supply
  • Kidney / pathology
  • Kidney / physiopathology*
  • Kidney / surgery
  • Kidney Neoplasms / pathology
  • Kidney Neoplasms / physiopathology*
  • Kidney Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nephrectomy / adverse effects
  • Nephrectomy / methods*
  • Postoperative Period
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Preoperative Period
  • Reference Values
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment / methods*
  • Risk Factors
  • Statistics, Nonparametric
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Warm Ischemia / methods

Substances

  • Creatinine