The Cellular Response to Transcription-Blocking DNA Damage

Trends Biochem Sci. 2018 May;43(5):327-341. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.02.010.

Abstract

In response to transcription-blocking DNA lesions such as those generated by UV irradiation, cells activate a multipronged DNA damage response. This response encompasses repair of the lesions that stall RNA polymerase (RNAP) but also a poorly understood, genome-wide shutdown of transcription, even of genes that are not damaged. Over the past few years, a number of new results have shed light on this intriguing DNA damage response at the structural, biochemical, cell biological, and systems biology level. In this review we summarize the most important findings.

Keywords: Cockayne syndrome; DNA damage response; UV-sensitivity syndrome; nucleotide excision repair; transcription restart; transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • DNA Damage*
  • DNA Repair
  • Humans
  • Nucleotides / genetics*
  • Transcription, Genetic / genetics*

Substances

  • Nucleotides