Methacholine induces extracellular matrix production by human airway smooth muscle cells through β-catenin signaling

Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2018 Aug:254:55-63. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2018.04.010. Epub 2018 Apr 30.

Abstract

Altered extracellular matrix (ECM) production by airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) is an important feature of airway remodeling. Muscarinic receptor agonists contribute to ECM production in vivo, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. This study attempted to investigate the role of methacholine in promoting ECM production by human ASMCs (HASMCs) and the underlying mechanism. We found that methacholine induced the expression of collagen I protein and multiple ECM genes. β-catenin signaling was activated in this process upon GSK3β phosphorylation, leading to upregulation of total and active β-catenin. Silencing β-catenin by specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) or with the β-catenin inhibitor, PKF115-584, decreased collagen I expression. Conversely, overexpression of active β-catenin by adenoviruses carrying the S33Y-β-catenin mutant increased the methacholine-induced collagen I expression. Furthermore, methacholine induced TGF-β expression in HASMCs, while pan-TGF-β-neutralizing antibody only partially decreased collagen I expression. These findings suggest that methacholine induced ECM production through β-catenin signaling and partially through TGF-β.

Keywords: Collagen I; GSK3β; Human airway smooth muscle cells; Methacholine; TGF-β; β-catenin.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bronchoconstrictor Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line
  • Collagen / metabolism
  • Extracellular Matrix / metabolism*
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Methacholine Chloride / pharmacology*
  • Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / cytology
  • Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / drug effects*
  • Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / metabolism*
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Time Factors
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / metabolism
  • beta Catenin / antagonists & inhibitors
  • beta Catenin / metabolism

Substances

  • Bronchoconstrictor Agents
  • CTNNB1 protein, human
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta
  • beta Catenin
  • Methacholine Chloride
  • Collagen
  • GSK3B protein, human
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta