Self-administration of the synthetic cathinone MDPV enhances reward function via a nicotinic receptor dependent mechanism

Neuropharmacology. 2018 Jul 15:137:286-296. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.05.008. Epub 2018 May 9.

Abstract

Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) is an addictive synthetic drug with severe side effects. Previous studies have shown that MDPV has positive reinforcing properties. However, little is known about the effect of MDPV self-administration on the state of the brain reward system and the neuronal mechanisms by which MDPV mediates its effects. The goal of the present studies was to determine the effect of MDPV self-administration on reward function and the role of cholinergic neurotransmission in the reinforcing effects of MDPV. To study the effect of MDPV self-administration on the brain reward system, rats were prepared with intravenous catheters and intracranial self-stimulation electrodes (ICSS). For 10 days, the reward thresholds were assessed immediately before (23 h post prior session) and after 1 h of MDPV self-administration. The reward thresholds were decreased immediately after MDPV self-administration, which is indicative of a potentiation of brain reward function. The reward thresholds 23 h after MDPV intake gradually increased over time, which is indicative of anhedonia. Pretreatment with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonist mecamylamine decreased the self-administration of MDPV and completely prevented the decrease in reward thresholds. A control study with palatable chocolate pellets showed that responding for a natural reinforcer does not affect the state of the brain reward system. Furthermore, mecamylamine did not affect responding for food pellets. In conclusion, the self-administration of MDPV potentiates reward function and nAChR blockade prevents the reward enhancing effects of MDPV self-administration. Preventing the MDPV-induced increase in cholinergic neurotransmission might be a safe approach to diminish MDPV abuse.

Keywords: Anhedonia; ICSS; MDPV; Nicotinic receptors; Rats; Reward; Self-administration.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Anhedonia / drug effects
  • Anhedonia / physiology
  • Animals
  • Benzodioxoles / administration & dosage*
  • Brain / drug effects
  • Brain / metabolism
  • Conditioning, Operant / drug effects
  • Conditioning, Operant / physiology
  • Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / administration & dosage*
  • Feeding Behavior / drug effects
  • Feeding Behavior / physiology
  • Feeding Behavior / psychology
  • Male
  • Mecamylamine / pharmacology
  • Nicotinic Antagonists / pharmacology
  • Pyrrolidines / administration & dosage*
  • Rats, Long-Evans
  • Receptors, Nicotinic / metabolism*
  • Reward*
  • Self Administration
  • Substance-Related Disorders / metabolism
  • Synthetic Cathinone

Substances

  • Benzodioxoles
  • Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors
  • Nicotinic Antagonists
  • Pyrrolidines
  • Receptors, Nicotinic
  • Mecamylamine
  • Synthetic Cathinone