ESMAC BEST PAPER 2017: Using machine learning to overcome challenges in GMFCS level assignment

Gait Posture. 2018 Jun:63:290-295. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.04.017. Epub 2018 Apr 16.

Abstract

We used the random forest classifier to predict Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I-IV from patient reported abilities recorded on the Gillette Functional Assessment Questionnaire (FAQ). The classifier exhibited outstanding accuracy across GMFCS levels I-IV, with 83%-91% true positive rate (TPR), area under the receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve greater than 0.96 for all levels, and misclassification by more than one level only occurring 1.2% of the time. This new approach to GMFCS level assignment overcomes several difficulties with the current method: (i) it is based on a broad spectrum of functional abilities, (ii) it resolves functional ability profiles that conflict with existing GMFCS level definitions, (iii) it is based entirely on self-reported abilities, and (iv) it removes complex age dependence. Further work is needed to examine inter-center differences in classifier performance-which would most likely reflect interpretive differences in GMFCS level definitions between centers.

Keywords: Accuracy; Algorithm; Cerebral palsy; Function; GMFCS; Gait; Prediction; Random forest; Reliability.

MeSH terms

  • Activities of Daily Living / classification*
  • Adolescent
  • Cerebral Palsy / classification*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Disability Evaluation
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Machine Learning*
  • Male
  • Motor Skills
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Surveys and Questionnaires*