Evaluation of Parameters Related to the Probability of Leukemic Progression in Patients With Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2018 Jul;18(7):469-474.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2018.05.004. Epub 2018 May 10.

Abstract

Background: The prognosis of patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (LR-MDS) is very heterogeneous. In addition to survival estimates, identification of factors related to the probability of leukemic progression might help prognosis assessment.

Patients and methods: The present study is a retrospective analysis of 409 patients with primary LR-MDS. The probability of leukemic progression was estimated in the competing risk framework by the cumulative incidence method considering death without acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as a competing event.

Results: Sixty-six patients (16.1%) progressed to AML. The following covariates influenced the probability of leukemic progression in a multivariate competing risk regression model: intermediate karyotype versus diploid or chromosome 5 deletion, 5% to 9% bone marrow blast percentage, platelet count <50 × 10e9/L and age younger than 75 years.

Conclusion: According to these, a predictive model is proposed, which categorizes patients with different probability of leukemic progression (P < .001). Validation of these results might help prognostic refinement of patients with LR-MDS.

Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia; Competing risk analysis; Predictive model; Prognosis; Score.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Disease Progression
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / diagnosis
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / epidemiology*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / etiology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Statistical
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes / epidemiology*
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes / pathology*
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes / therapy
  • Probability
  • Prognosis
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Biomarkers