Tyrosine kinase inhibitor-induced IL-6/STAT3 activation decreases sensitivity of EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer to icotinib

Cell Biol Int. 2018 Sep;42(10):1292-1299. doi: 10.1002/cbin.11000. Epub 2018 Jun 20.

Abstract

Tyrosine kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has considerably benefited for non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) harbor mutations in EGFR. However, the factors attenuating EGFR-TKI efficiency are obstacles to inhibit the proliferation of EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells successfully. Clarifying the insensitivity mechanisms of EGFR-TKI would help to develop new treatment strategy. In this study, the sensitivity of EGFR-mutant NSCLC cell lines, PC9 and HCC827, to icotinib was detected. Similar with other EGFR-TKIs such as gefitinib and erlortinib in previous research, the proliferation of two cell lines was apparently inhibited. However, we surprisingly found that contrast with the suppression of EGFR-AKT/ERK pathway, STAT3 was significantly activated in PC9 cells with the treatment of icotinib, but not in HCC827 cells. Further study confirmed that icotinib concomitantly induced IL-6 secretion and src activation in PC9 cells. Moreover, with the treatment of IL-6 neutralizing antibody or src inhibitor, dasatinib, icotinib-induced phosphorylation of STAT3 was reduced, as well as the sensitivity of PC9 to icotinib was also partially increased. Our results suggest that Src/IL-6/STAT3 bypass pathway is activated to maintain cell survival when the EGFR pathway was inhibited by TKIs, even in some EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells sensitive to TKIs. This finding provides a groundwork for potential combinatorial treatment with TKIs and Src or STAT3 inhibitor to improve icotinib sensitivity.

Keywords: EGFR-TKIs; NSCLC; STAT3; cancer; cytokines/interleukins; secretion.

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / metabolism*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Crown Ethers / metabolism
  • Crown Ethers / pharmacology*
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / drug effects
  • ErbB Receptors / genetics
  • ErbB Receptors / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism
  • Lung Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Mutation
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism
  • Quinazolines / metabolism
  • Quinazolines / pharmacology*
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects

Substances

  • Crown Ethers
  • Interleukin-6
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Quinazolines
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • STAT3 protein, human
  • icotinib
  • EGFR protein, human
  • ErbB Receptors
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases