Context-Specific Mechanisms of Cell Polarity Regulation

Amr H Allam; Mirren Charnley; Sarah M Russell

doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2018.06.003

Context-Specific Mechanisms of Cell Polarity Regulation

J Mol Biol. 2018 Sep 28;430(19):3457-3471. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.06.003. Epub 2018 Jun 8.

Authors

Amr H Allam¹, Mirren Charnley², Sarah M Russell³

Affiliations

¹ Centre for Micro-Photonics, Faculty of Science, Engineering & Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Australia. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Centre for Micro-Photonics, Faculty of Science, Engineering & Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Australia; Biointerface Engineering Group, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: [email protected].
³ Centre for Micro-Photonics, Faculty of Science, Engineering & Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Australia; Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 29886017
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.06.003

Abstract

Cell polarity is an essential process shared by almost all animal tissues. Moreover, cell polarity enables cells to sense and respond to the cues provided by the neighboring cells and the surrounding microenvironment. These responses play a critical role in regulating key physiological processes, including cell migration, proliferation, differentiation, vesicle trafficking and immune responses. The polarity protein complexes regulating these interactions are highly evolutionarily conserved between vertebrates and invertebrates. Interestingly, these polarity complexes interact with each other and key signaling pathways in a cell-polarity context-dependent manner. However, the exact mechanisms by which these interactions take place are poorly understood. In this review, we will focus on the roles of the key polarity complexes SCRIB, PAR and Crumbs in regulating different forms of cell polarity, including epithelial cell polarity, cell migration, asymmetric cell division and the T-cell immunological synapse assembly and signaling.

Keywords: asymmetric division; epithelial polarity; immunological synapse; migration; polarity complexes.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Biomarkers
Cell Movement
Cell Polarity / physiology*
Cellular Microenvironment*
Epithelial Cells / cytology
Epithelial Cells / metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Signal Transduction

Substances

Biomarkers