Systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions in people with diabetes and elevated diabetes-distress

C B Schmidt; B J Potter van Loon; A C M Vergouwen; F J Snoek; A Honig

doi:10.1111/dme.13709

Systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions in people with diabetes and elevated diabetes-distress

Diabet Med. 2018 Jun 13. doi: 10.1111/dme.13709. Online ahead of print.

Authors

C B Schmidt^{1

2}, B J Potter van Loon³, A C M Vergouwen¹, F J Snoek^{2

4

5}, A Honig^{1

2

6}

Affiliations

¹ Departments of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
² Departments of Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
³ Departments of Internal Medicine, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
⁴ Department of Medical Psychology, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
⁵ Departments of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
⁶ Departments of Psychiatry, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

PMID: 29896760
DOI: 10.1111/dme.13709

Abstract

Aims: The clinical relevance of diabetes-distress is increasingly recognized, but little is known about the efficacy of interventions specifically targeted to treat elevated diabetes-distress. Therefore, this systematic review sought to determine the efficacy of psychological interventions aimed at treating elevated diabetes-distress in people with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We systematically searched literature from five databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with an English abstract, describing the results of a psychological intervention in adults with diabetes were included. Articles were eligible for inclusion if the primary outcome was diabetes-distress measured by the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale (PAID-5/PAID-20) or the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17). Only mean group diabetes-distress values above cut-off at baseline or the results of a subgroup above cut-off (PAID-5 ≥ 8, PAID-20 ≥ 40 or DDS-17 ≥ 3) were included.

Results: The search yielded 8907 articles. After removing 2800 duplicates, 6107 articles remained. Titles and abstracts were screened, leaving 394 potential articles of interest, nine of which were RCTs. In a random-effects meta-analysis, the pooled effect size for diabetes-distress was 0.48 (Cohen's d), Z = 3.91, P < 0.0001. Statistical heterogeneity was I² = 46.67% (confidence intervals 45.06% to 48.28%). Diabetes-tailored psychological interventions reduced HbA_1c (Cohen's d = 0.57), whereas mindfulness-based interventions did not (Cohen's d = 0.11).

Conclusions: This systematic review shows that specifically diabetes-tailored psychological interventions are effective in reducing elevated diabetes-distress and HbA_1c . More rigorous studies are warranted to establish the full potential of these interventions. PROSPERO database registration ID: CRD42017075290.

Publication types

Review