Excitability tests using high-density surface-EMG: A novel approach to studying single motor units

Clin Neurophysiol. 2018 Aug;129(8):1634-1641. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.04.754. Epub 2018 Jun 1.

Abstract

Objective: To study excitability of single motor units (MUs) using high-density surface-EMG.

Methods: Motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) were evoked by submaximal stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist and recorded with a 9 × 14 electrode grid on the skin overlying the thenar muscles. For excitability tests of single MUs, the most optimal specific single-channel surface-EMG signal was selected based on the spatiotemporal profile of single MUs.

Results: Axonal excitability measures were successfully obtained from 14 single MUs derived from ten healthy subjects. Selecting the optimal single-channel surface-EMG signals minimized interference from other single MUs and improved signal-to-noise ratio. The muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) could also be derived from the unique spatiotemporal profile of single MUs.

Conclusion: High-density surface-EMG helps to isolate single MUAP responses, making it a suitable technique for assessing excitability in multiple single motor axons per nerve.

Significance: Our method enables the reliable study of ion-channel dysfunction in single motor axons of nerves without any requirement for specific conditions, such as prominent MU loss or enlarged MUAPs due to collateral sprouting.

Keywords: Excitability testing; High-density surface-EMG; Single human motor axons; Single motor unit action potentials.

MeSH terms

  • Action Potentials / physiology
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Electric Stimulation / instrumentation
  • Electric Stimulation / methods
  • Electromyography / methods*
  • Evoked Potentials, Motor / physiology*
  • Female
  • Hand / innervation
  • Hand / physiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Recruitment, Neurophysiological / physiology*
  • Young Adult