Real-World Treatment Patterns, Overall Survival, and Occurrence and Costs of Adverse Events Associated With Second-Line Therapies for Medicare Patients With Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Clin Lung Cancer. 2018 Sep;19(5):e783-e799. doi: 10.1016/j.cllc.2018.05.016. Epub 2018 Jun 6.

Abstract

Introduction: Real-world data on current treatment practices for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are needed to understand the place in therapy and potential economic impact of newer therapies.

Patients and methods: This retrospective cohort study identified patients ≥ 65 years old in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked database with first-time diagnosis of stage IIIB/IV NSCLC from 2007-2011 who received second-line therapy after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy from 2007 through mid-2013. Second-line regimens, health care resource use, adverse events (AEs), and associated costs were analyzed descriptively. Overall survival was determined by Kaplan-Meier test. Costs were adjusted to 2013 US dollars.

Results: We identified 4033 patients with advanced NSCLC who received second-line therapy (47% of those who received first-line platinum-based chemotherapy). Mean (SD) age was 73 (5) years, 2246 (56%) were male; 1134 (28%) and 2899 (72%) had squamous and nonsquamous NSCLC, respectively. The 4 most common second-line regimens were pemetrexed (22%), docetaxel (12%), carboplatin/paclitaxel (11%), and gemcitabine (7%). Median overall survival from second-line therapy initiation was 7.3 months (95% confidence interval, 7.0-7.7). Dyspnea and anemia were the most common AEs of interest, affecting 29% and 26% of patients, respectively; atypical pneumonia was associated with the highest AE-related costs (mean, $5339). The mean total per-patient-per-month cost was $10,885; AE-related per-patient-per-month costs totaled $1036 (10%). Costs were highest for pemetrexed-treated patients.

Conclusion: These real-world data illustrate the variety of second-line regimens, poor prognosis, and high cost of second-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced NSCLC treated before the approval of immunotherapies for these patients.

Keywords: NSCLC; Observational; SEER-Medicare database; Treatment costs; Utilization patterns.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / drug therapy
  • Adenocarcinoma / economics
  • Adenocarcinoma / mortality
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / economics*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Carcinoma, Large Cell / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Large Cell / economics
  • Carcinoma, Large Cell / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Large Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / economics*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / mortality*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / secondary
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / economics
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Cost-Benefit Analysis
  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / economics*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Lung Neoplasms / economics*
  • Lung Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Male
  • Medicare
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • SEER Program
  • Salvage Therapy / economics*
  • Survival Rate
  • United States