Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Women: A Review with Special Attention to Pregnancy and the Post-Partum Period

Neurocrit Care. 2019 Oct;31(2):390-398. doi: 10.1007/s12028-018-0571-3.

Abstract

Non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage includes subarachnoid hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage, and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), which can be classified as primary or secondary. Primary ICH is due to arterial hypertension or cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and secondary ICH is due to cerebral vascular malformations, coagulopathies, infectious complications, brain tumors, and illicit stimulant drug use. This review explores the epidemiology and management of non-traumatic ICH in women, with a focus on pregnancy and the post-partum period, defined as 6 weeks post-delivery.

Keywords: Arteriovenous malformations; Cerebral hemorrhage; Pregnancy; Pregnancy complications; Subarachnoid hemorrhage; Vascular malformations.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cerebral Hemorrhage / epidemiology*
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage / therapy
  • Eclampsia / epidemiology
  • Eclampsia / therapy
  • Female
  • HELLP Syndrome / epidemiology
  • HELLP Syndrome / therapy
  • Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / epidemiology
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / therapy
  • Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / epidemiology
  • Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / therapy
  • Moyamoya Disease / epidemiology
  • Pituitary Apoplexy / epidemiology
  • Pituitary Apoplexy / therapy
  • Pre-Eclampsia / epidemiology
  • Pre-Eclampsia / therapy
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / epidemiology*
  • Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / therapy
  • Puerperal Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Puerperal Disorders / therapy
  • Risk Factors
  • Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial / epidemiology
  • Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial / therapy
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / epidemiology
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / therapy