The prognostic value of blood pressure control delay in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients

J Hypertens. 2019 Feb;37(2):426-431. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001896.

Abstract

Objective: Various studies have suggested that a delay in the time between diagnosing hypertension and its correct control (D-C, diagnostic-control time) is linked to a worse prognosis. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between D-C time and all-cause mortality, or the incidence of cardiovascular events, in patients more than 60 years newly diagnosed with hypertension.

Methods: This is a longitudinal, retrospective, population study employing data gathered from the electronic medical records of patients recently diagnosed with hypertension in 45 primary healthcare centres located in Barcelona (Catalonia). A multivariable logistic regression and Cox regression models were constructed. Goodness-of-fit was assessed through the Hosmer & Lemeshow test.

Results: A total of 18 721 newly diagnosed hypertensive patients were included between 2007 and 2012. The follow-up lasted until October 2015, or the appearance of a cardiovascular event or death because of any cause. The median D-C time was 49 days and its distribution by tertiles was the following: 29 days or less, 30-124 days, and at least 125 days. Higher hypertensive status, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and male sex were independently associated with longer D-C time (≥125 days). At 5.4 years follow-up, patients with longer D-C times presented statistically significant greater incidence of all-cause mortality.

Conclusion: A delay in blood pressure control is significantly associated with an increase in the rate of all-cause mortality.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Blood Pressure*
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology
  • Comorbidity
  • Diabetes Mellitus / epidemiology*
  • Diabetes Mellitus / physiopathology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / diagnosis
  • Hypertension / drug therapy*
  • Hypertension / epidemiology*
  • Hypertension / physiopathology
  • Incidence
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mortality
  • Obesity / epidemiology*
  • Obesity / physiopathology
  • Prognosis
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sex Factors
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • Time Factors