Five-year outcomes of transcatheter reduction of significant mitral regurgitation in high-surgical-risk patients

Heart. 2019 Nov;105(21):1622-1628. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312605. Epub 2018 Aug 4.

Abstract

Objectives: This study evaluates the 5-year clinical outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve (MV) repair with the MitraClip device in patients at high risk for MV surgery treated in the Endovascular Valve Edge-to-Edge Repair (EVEREST) II High Risk Study (HRS).

Methods: Patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) 3+ or 4+ and predicted surgical mortality risk ≥12% or surgeon assessment based on prespecified high-risk factors were enrolled. Patients prospectively consented to 5 years of follow-up.

Results: At 5 years, clinical follow-up was achieved in 90% of 78 enrolled patients. The rate of postprocedural adverse events declined from 30 days to 1 year follow-up and was stable thereafter through 5 years. Two patients (2.6%) developed mitral stenosis (MS). Two patients underwent MV surgery, including one due to MS. A total of 42 deaths were reported through 5 years. Effectiveness measures at 5 years showed reductions in MR severity to ≤2+ in 75% of patients (p=0.0107), left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume (-38.2 mL; 95% CI -55.0 to -21.4; p<0.0001) and LV end-systolic volume (-14.6 mL; 95% CI -27.7 to -1.5; p=0.0303) compared with baseline. The New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class improved from baseline to 5 years (p<0.005), and septal-lateral annular dimensions remained stable with no indication of mitral annular dilation through 5 years.

Conclusions: The EVEREST II HRS demonstrated long-term safety and efficacy of MitraClip in high-surgical-risk patients through 5 years. The observed mortality was most likely a consequence of the advanced age and comorbidity profile of the enrolled patients, while improvements in NYHA class in surviving patients were durable through long-term follow-up.

Trial registration number: NCT01940120.

Keywords: mitral regurgitation; transcatheter valve interventions.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cardiac Catheterization / methods*
  • Echocardiography
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / methods*
  • Heart Ventricles / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Ventricles / physiopathology*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Mitral Valve / diagnostic imaging
  • Mitral Valve / surgery*
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / diagnosis
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / mortality
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / surgery*
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment / methods*
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Survival Rate / trends
  • Time Factors
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Ventricular Function, Left / physiology

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01940120