Novel synthetic 4-chlorobenzoyl berbamine inhibits c-Myc expression and induces apoptosis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma cells

Ann Hematol. 2018 Dec;97(12):2353-2362. doi: 10.1007/s00277-018-3439-x. Epub 2018 Aug 11.

Abstract

C-Myc expression is associated with poor prognosis and aggressive progression of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and the development of drug-like c-Myc inhibitors remains challenging. In this study, we report a novel berbamine derivative termed 4-chlorobenzoyl berbamine (CBBM) that potently induced the apoptosis of c-Myc-overexpressing DLBCL cells but spared normal blood cells. The compound showed IC50 values ranging from 1.93 to 3.89 μmol/L in DLCBL cells and exhibited a 4.75- to 9.64-fold increase in anti-tumor activity compared to berbamine. Additionally, CBBM inhibited the proliferation of the DLBCL line OCI-Ly3 cells through G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest and induced apoptosis. Further studies have shown that CBBM treatment leads to the proteasome-dependent degradation of c-Myc protein in OCI-Ly3 cells. Interestingly, we found that the inhibitory effect of CBBM was positively correlated with basal levels of CaMKIIγ, which is a key inducer of c-Myc expression in DLBCL cells. We also observed that CBBM inhibits the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, leading to reduced c-Myc transcription. Collectively, these findings suggest that CBBM could be a promising lead compound for treatment of c-Myc-driven DLBCL.

Keywords: 4-Chlorobenzoyl berbamine; DLBCL; Small molecule inhibitor; c-Myc.

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Benzylisoquinolines* / chemical synthesis
  • Benzylisoquinolines* / chemistry
  • Benzylisoquinolines* / pharmacology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Janus Kinase 2 / metabolism
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse* / drug therapy
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse* / metabolism
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse* / pathology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / biosynthesis*
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects*

Substances

  • Benzylisoquinolines
  • MYC protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • STAT3 protein, human
  • JAK2 protein, human
  • Janus Kinase 2
  • berbamine