Abstract
Deregulated cell division, resulting in aberrant cell proliferation, is one of the key hallmarks of cancer. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) play a central role in cell cycle progression in cancer, and the clinical development of the CDK4/6 inhibitors palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib has changed clinical practice in the setting of endocrine-receptor positive breast cancer. Results of pivotal phase II and III trials investigating these CDK4/6 inhibitors in patients with endocrine receptor-positive, advanced breast cancer have demonstrated a significant improvement in progression-free survival, with a safe toxicity profile. No validated biomarkers of sensitivity or resistance exist at the moment. Future development of CDK4/6 inhibitors in breast cancer should focus on the identification of predictive biomarkers, the development of drug combinations to overcome resistance, and the application of CDK4/6 inhibitors to other breast cancer subtypes.
MeSH terms
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Aminopyridines / pharmacology
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Aminopyridines / therapeutic use
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Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
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Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
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Benzimidazoles / pharmacology
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Benzimidazoles / therapeutic use
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Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy*
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Breast Neoplasms / metabolism
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Cell Proliferation / drug effects
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 / metabolism
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6 / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6 / metabolism
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Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
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Female
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Humans
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Molecular Targeted Therapy
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Piperazines / pharmacology
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Piperazines / therapeutic use
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Progression-Free Survival
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Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
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Purines / pharmacology
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Purines / therapeutic use
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Pyridines / pharmacology
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Pyridines / therapeutic use
Substances
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Aminopyridines
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Benzimidazoles
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Piperazines
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Protein Kinase Inhibitors
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Purines
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Pyridines
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abemaciclib
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CDK4 protein, human
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CDK6 protein, human
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6
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palbociclib
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ribociclib