Half bolus dose of intravenous abciximab is safe and effective in the setting of acute stroke endovascular treatment

J Neurointerv Surg. 2019 Feb;11(2):147-152. doi: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2018-014163. Epub 2018 Aug 28.

Abstract

Background: A stent is often necessary for the treatment of stroke. In such cases,it is essential for the patient to have antiplatelet therapy. There are several methods of antiaggregation, such as oral loading doses of aspirin and clopidogrel, intravenous aspirin, or intravenous glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists, such as abciximab. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of symptomatic intracerebral hematoma (sICH) associated with our antiplatelet protocol: intravenous abciximab bolus at half the dose (0125 mg/kg) at the time of the stenting procedure; oral aspirin (150 mg) and clopidogrel (75 mg) daily added the next day after CT shows no significant hematoma.

Materials and methods: Retrospective review of our database of endovascular management of large acute vessel occlusion treated with intravenous abciximab between January 2015 and March 2018. Demographics data, material, drugs, and complications were registered. Fisher tests were used to compare the incidence of sICH in the literature where abciximab 0.25 mg/kg plus maintenance doses are often administrated.

Results: Intravenous abciximab was administered to 99 patients. No sICH was observed. According to the European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study Scale, there were 8 cases of hemorrhagic infarction 1, 5 cases of hemorrhagic infarction 2, 4 cases of parenchymal hemorrhage 1, and no cases of parenchymal hemorrhage 2. A comparison between sICH with conventional antiplatelet doses based on the literature showed a statistically significant difference favoring our protocol.

Conclusion: In the endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke, a bolus dose of 0125 mg/kg of abciximab with no maintenance doses, followed by 150 mg of aspirin and 75 mg of clopidogrel orally the next day, is safe and effective.

Keywords: drug; hemorrhage; stent; stroke; thrombectomy.

MeSH terms

  • Abciximab / administration & dosage*
  • Abciximab / adverse effects
  • Administration, Intravenous
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / administration & dosage
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / adverse effects
  • Brain Ischemia / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain Ischemia / therapy*
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage / chemically induced
  • Cerebral Hemorrhage / diagnostic imaging
  • Endovascular Procedures / adverse effects
  • Endovascular Procedures / methods*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / administration & dosage*
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Prospective Studies
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Stroke / diagnostic imaging
  • Stroke / therapy*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex
  • Abciximab