Long-Term Gastrointestinal Consequences are Frequent Following Sporadic Acute Infectious Diarrhea in a Tropical Country: A Prospective Cohort Study

Am J Gastroenterol. 2018 Sep;113(9):1363-1375. doi: 10.1038/s41395-018-0208-3. Epub 2018 Aug 31.

Abstract

Background: Postinfection irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) and functional dyspepsia (PI-FD), though reported from the temperate countries, have not been studied in the tropics; PI-malabsorption syndrome (MAS), which mimics PI-IBS, is reported from the tropics. No report till date on PI-IBS excluded PI-MAS. We studied: (i) the frequency of continuing bowel dysfunction after acute gastroenteritis (AG), (ii) its predictors, and (iii) PI-MAS among patients with PI-IBS.

Methods: 345 consecutive subjects each, with AG and age- and gender-matched healthy controls were followed up 3-monthly for 12 months using a translated-validated questionnaire and functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) were diagnosed by Rome III criteria. Symptom duration >3 months but <6 months was diagnosed as chronic bowel dysfunction (CBD) and dyspeptic symptoms, respectively. MAS was diagnosed if 2/3 tests (D-xylose H2 breath test, Sudan III-stained stool microscopy, and duodenal histology) were abnormal. Fecal microbiological studies were performed in 245/345 (71%) patients.

Results: AG patients more often developed PI-IBS and PI-FD than controls (16.5 vs. 2.6% and 7.4 vs. 0.6%, respectively; p<0.001). Presence of FD was a risk factor for PI-IBS and IBS for PI-FD. On multivariate analysis, dyspeptic symptoms, CBD, and weight loss were the risk factors for PI-FGIDs. The frequency of PI-IBS following Vibrio cholera and other bacterial infection was comparable. Malabsorption was present among 2/23 (9%) patients with PI-IBS.

Conclusion: FGIDs are common after AG; dyspeptic symptoms, CBD, and weight loss were risk factors for PI-FGIDs. Vibrio cholerae infection caused PI-FGID, which was never reported. About 9 % patients fulfilling the criteria for PI-IBS had PI-MAS.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Bacteria / isolation & purification
  • Bacterial Infections / complications*
  • Bacterial Infections / diagnosis
  • Bacterial Infections / microbiology
  • Bangladesh / epidemiology
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Chronic Disease / epidemiology
  • Diarrhea / complications*
  • Diarrhea / diagnosis
  • Diarrhea / microbiology
  • Dyspepsia / diagnosis
  • Dyspepsia / epidemiology*
  • Dyspepsia / etiology
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Gastroenteritis / complications*
  • Gastroenteritis / diagnosis
  • Gastroenteritis / microbiology
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome / epidemiology*
  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome / etiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Surveys and Questionnaires / statistics & numerical data
  • Weight Loss
  • Young Adult