Second-Line Treatment for Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Is There a Role for Gemcitabine?

J Gastrointest Cancer. 2019 Dec;50(4):860-866. doi: 10.1007/s12029-018-0166-4.

Abstract

Purpose: Advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) is an aggressive disease that has poor prognosis and frequently interferes with patient's quality of life. There has been progress in first-line regimens; however, there is no standard second-line regimen. The aim of this study is to analyze second-line gemcitabine after first-line fluorouracil (FU) + leucovorin (LV) + irinotecan + oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) regimen.

Methods: This study included consecutive patients with advanced PA treated at Hospital Sirio-Libanês from 2011 to 2016. The patients received FOLFIRINOX as first-line treatment and upon progression, received gemcitabine alone. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Results: A total of 54 patients were evaluated. Most patients were male (61.1%) and most had an ECOG performance status of 0 or 1 prior to the beginning of second-line treatment (66.6%). The mean number of gemcitabine cycles was 3.4. Most patients had disease progression as the best response to treatment (75.9%), 11.1% had stable disease, and 9.3% experienced a partial response. The median progression-free survival was 1.7 months, and the median overall survival was 6.8 months.

Conclusions: Gemcitabine alone did not show meaningful clinical benefit as second-line treatment after FOLFIRINOX.

Keywords: FOLFIRINOX; Gemcitabine; Pancreatic; Second-line treatment.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / drug therapy*
  • Adenocarcinoma / mortality
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / pharmacology*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • Deoxycytidine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Deoxycytidine / pharmacology
  • Deoxycytidine / therapeutic use
  • Disease Progression
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  • Electronic Health Records / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil / pharmacology
  • Fluorouracil / therapeutic use
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Gemcitabine
  • Humans
  • Irinotecan / pharmacology
  • Irinotecan / therapeutic use
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Leucovorin / pharmacology
  • Leucovorin / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Oxaliplatin / pharmacology
  • Oxaliplatin / therapeutic use
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / mortality
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Progression-Free Survival
  • Quality of Life
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • folfirinox
  • Oxaliplatin
  • Deoxycytidine
  • Irinotecan
  • Leucovorin
  • Fluorouracil
  • Gemcitabine