Is ungulate migration culturally transmitted? Evidence of social learning from translocated animals

Brett R Jesmer; Jerod A Merkle; Jacob R Goheen; Ellen O Aikens; Jeffrey L Beck; Alyson B Courtemanch; Mark A Hurley; Douglas E McWhirter; Hollie M Miyasaki; Kevin L Monteith; Matthew J Kauffman

doi:10.1126/science.aat0985

Is ungulate migration culturally transmitted? Evidence of social learning from translocated animals

Science. 2018 Sep 7;361(6406):1023-1025. doi: 10.1126/science.aat0985.

Authors

Brett R Jesmer^{1

2}, Jerod A Merkle², Jacob R Goheen³, Ellen O Aikens^{3

2}, Jeffrey L Beck⁴, Alyson B Courtemanch⁵, Mark A Hurley⁶, Douglas E McWhirter⁵, Hollie M Miyasaki⁶, Kevin L Monteith^{2

7}, Matthew J Kauffman⁸

Affiliations

¹ Program in Ecology, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA. [email protected].
² Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
³ Program in Ecology, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
⁴ Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
⁵ Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Jackson, WY 83001, USA.
⁶ Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Boise, ID 83712, USA.
⁷ Haub School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82072, USA.
⁸ U. S. Geological Survey, Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.

PMID: 30190405
DOI: 10.1126/science.aat0985

Abstract

Ungulate migrations are assumed to stem from learning and cultural transmission of information regarding seasonal distribution of forage, but this hypothesis has not been tested empirically. We compared the migratory propensities of bighorn sheep and moose translocated into novel habitats with those of historical populations that had persisted for hundreds of years. Whereas individuals from historical populations were largely migratory, translocated individuals initially were not. After multiple decades, however, translocated populations gained knowledge about surfing green waves of forage (tracking plant phenology) and increased their propensity to migrate. Our findings indicate that learning and cultural transmission are the primary mechanisms by which ungulate migrations evolve. Loss of migration will therefore expunge generations of knowledge about the locations of high-quality forage and likely suppress population abundance.

Publication types

Comparative Study
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

Animal Migration*
Animals
Cultural Characteristics
Ruminants / psychology*
Sheep, Bighorn / psychology*
Social Learning*

Associated data

Dryad/10.5061/dryad.8165qv5