FDG PET/CT Findings in TAFRO Syndrome

Clin Nucl Med. 2018 Nov;43(11):828-829. doi: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000002278.

Abstract

A 67-year-old woman with prolonged fever, thrombocytopenia, and renal dysfunction underwent FDG PET/CT to evaluate underlying causes, including malignancy. PET/CT showed FDG uptake in ascites, subcutaneous edema, lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow. Subsequent bone marrow biopsy revealed myelofibrosis, and laboratory testing showed elevated concentrations of interleukin 6 in serum and ascites. These findings led to the diagnosis of TAFRO syndrome, a variant of multicentric Castleman disease, characterized by thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin myelofibrosis, and organomegaly. Because TAFRO syndrome is potentially fatal, accurate diagnosis is crucial. Characteristic FDG PET/CT findings facilitate the diagnosis of TAFRO syndrome, which is generally challenging.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biopsy
  • Castleman Disease / diagnostic imaging*
  • Castleman Disease / metabolism
  • Castleman Disease / pathology
  • Female
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18*
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism
  • Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography*

Substances

  • Interleukin-6
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18

Supplementary concepts

  • Multi-centric Castleman's Disease