The prediction of therapy-benefit for individual cardiovascular disease prevention: rationale, implications, and implementation

Curr Opin Lipidol. 2018 Dec;29(6):436-444. doi: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000554.

Abstract

Purpose of review: We aim to outline the importance and the clinical implications of using predicted individual therapy-benefit in making patient-centered treatment decisions in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Therapy-benefit concepts will be illustrated with examples of patients undergoing lipid management.

Recent findings: In both primary and secondary CVD prevention, the degree of variation in individual therapy-benefit is large. An individual's therapy-benefit can be estimated by combining prediction algorithms and clinical trial data. Measures of therapy-benefit can be easily integrated into clinical practice via a variety of online calculators. Lifetime estimates (e.g., gain in healthy life expectancy) look at therapy-benefit over the course of an individual's life, and are less influenced by age than short-term estimates (e.g., 10-year absolute risk reduction). Lifetime estimates can thus identify people who could substantially benefit from early initiation of CVD prevention. Compared with current guidelines, treatment based on predicted therapy-benefit would increase eligibility for therapy among young people with a moderate risk-factor burden and individuals with a high residual risk.

Summary: The estimation of individual therapy-benefit is an important part of individualized medicine. Implementation tools allow for clinicians to readily estimate both short-term and lifetime therapy-benefit.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Humans
  • Precision Medicine / methods*
  • Risk Factors