Influence of GeneXpert MRSA/SA test implementation on clinical outcomes of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia - a before-after retrospective study

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2019 Feb;93(2):120-124. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2018.08.011. Epub 2018 Aug 29.

Abstract

Use of GeneXpert MRSA/SA in diagnostic algorithms of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia may influence both patients' clinical outcomes and antibiotic stewardship. We evaluated these outcomes in a retrospective cohort before (1/6/2015-31/5/2016) and after (1/6/2016-31/8/2017) the introduction of the test in adult patients with Gram-positive cocci in clusters in blood cultures. We included 254 patients (125 preintervention, 129 postintervention). No significant difference in 30-day mortality or clinical success was demonstrated between periods. Appropriate antibiotic therapy rates were significantly higher in the postintervention group, and vancomycin use was significantly reduced (80.6% vs 53.6%, P < 0.01; 2.3±0.38 vs 2.98±1.02 defined daily doses/100 patient days, P = 0.026, respectively). Appropriate beta-lactam use was also significantly higher (56.7% postintervention vs 23.1% preintervention, P < 0.01). Use of GeneXpert MRSA/SA test has a positive effect on antibiotic stewardship measures, though it has no significant effect on clinical outcomes including mortality in this fatal infection.

Keywords: Diagnosis; Molecular; PCR; Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Bacteremia / diagnosis*
  • Bacteremia / drug therapy
  • Bacteremia / microbiology
  • Bacteremia / mortality*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / genetics*
  • Middle Aged
  • Molecular Typing* / methods
  • Molecular Typing* / statistics & numerical data
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction / statistics & numerical data
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Staphylococcal Infections / diagnosis*
  • Staphylococcal Infections / drug therapy
  • Staphylococcal Infections / microbiology
  • Staphylococcal Infections / mortality*
  • Staphylococcus aureus / genetics