Effects of gallic acid biofabricated rGO nanosheets combined with radiofrequency radiation for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2018 Dec 1:93:846-852. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.08.039. Epub 2018 Aug 18.

Abstract

The combination of biologically active compounds and nanomaterials in biomedicine field is growing rapidly and provided excellent forecasts for the progress of facile non-invasive approaches for the diagnosis of cancer therapy. In this present study, we demonstrated that as-prepared gallic acid (GA) coated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) combined with radiofrequency (RF) ablation has facilitated for the treatment of human renal epithelial cancer (A-489) cells without disturbing the renal proximal epithelial (HK-2) cells. The successful biofabrication of GA onto the rGO nanostructure has been elaborated with the support of peak intensities of diffracted X-ray patterns and Raman spectral visualizations. The micrograph imageries are displayed that the warped and ribbed structure containing wrinkled paper-like arrangement with multilayer structure of rGO with assistance of GA molecules. The synthesized GA-rGO nanomaterials exhibited a very good apoptosis and toxic effect on A-489 renal cancer cells, which was found to exhibit enhanced tumor cytotoxicity in RF combination treatment compared to RF treated alone. Moreover, the results are highly cheering to go for functionalized nanomaterial and RF radiation, combined drug delivery system to overcome the limitation to treat kidney cancers.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Gallic acid; Graphene oxide; Radiofrequency; Renal cell carcinoma.

MeSH terms

  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / therapy*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Gallic Acid / chemistry*
  • Graphite / chemistry*
  • Humans
  • Kidney Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Kidney Neoplasms / pathology
  • Kidney Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Nanostructures* / chemistry
  • Nanostructures* / therapeutic use
  • Radiofrequency Therapy*

Substances

  • Gallic Acid
  • Graphite