Rif1 inhibits replication fork progression and controls DNA copy number in Drosophila

Elife. 2018 Oct 2:7:e39140. doi: 10.7554/eLife.39140.

Abstract

Control of DNA copy number is essential to maintain genome stability and ensure proper cell and tissue function. In Drosophila polyploid cells, the SNF2-domain-containing SUUR protein inhibits replication fork progression within specific regions of the genome to promote DNA underreplication. While dissecting the function of SUUR's SNF2 domain, we identified an interaction between SUUR and Rif1. Rif1 has many roles in DNA metabolism and regulates the replication timing program. We demonstrate that repression of DNA replication is dependent on Rif1. Rif1 localizes to active replication forks in a partially SUUR-dependent manner and directly regulates replication fork progression. Importantly, SUUR associates with replication forks in the absence of Rif1, indicating that Rif1 acts downstream of SUUR to inhibit fork progression. Our findings uncover an unrecognized function of the Rif1 protein as a regulator of replication fork progression.

Keywords: D. melanogaster; DNA replication; chromosomes; common fragile sites; developmental biology; gene expression; genome stability; polyploid; replication timing; under replication.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Carrier Proteins / chemistry
  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism*
  • DNA / metabolism*
  • DNA Replication*
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Drosophila Proteins / chemistry
  • Drosophila Proteins / metabolism*
  • Drosophila melanogaster / genetics*
  • Gene Dosage*
  • Genome, Insect
  • Heat-Shock Response
  • Heterochromatin / metabolism
  • Mutation / genetics
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Domains
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Salivary Glands / metabolism

Substances

  • Carrier Proteins
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Drosophila Proteins
  • Heterochromatin
  • Rif1 protein, Drosophila
  • SuUR protein, Drosophila
  • DNA