Change in Bacterial Causes of Community-Acquired Parapneumonic Effusion and Pleural Empyema in Children 6 Years After 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Implementation

Fouad Madhi; Corinne Levy; Laurence Morin; Philippe Minodier; François Dubos; Ferielle Zenkhri; Marie Aliette Dommergues; Ellia Mezgueldi; Karine Levieux; Pneumonia Study Group; Stéphane Béchet; Emmanuelle Varon; Robert Cohen; GPIP (Pediatric Infectious Disease Group)

doi:10.1093/jpids/piy103

Change in Bacterial Causes of Community-Acquired Parapneumonic Effusion and Pleural Empyema in Children 6 Years After 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Implementation

J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2019 Nov 6;8(5):474-477. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piy103.

Authors

Fouad Madhi^{1

2}, Corinne Levy^{2

3

4}, Laurence Morin⁵, Philippe Minodier⁶, François Dubos⁷, Ferielle Zenkhri⁸, Marie Aliette Dommergues⁹, Ellia Mezgueldi¹⁰, Karine Levieux¹¹; Pneumonia Study Group; Stéphane Béchet^{2

3

4}, Emmanuelle Varon¹², Robert Cohen^{2

3

4

13}; GPIP (Pediatric Infectious Disease Group)

Affiliations

¹ Service de Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Créteil, France.
² Université Paris Est, IMRB-GRC GEMINI, Créteil, France.
³ ACTIV, Pediatric Clinical and Therapeutical Association of the Val de Marne, Saint-Maur des Fossés, France.
⁴ Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, France.
⁵ Department of General Pediatrics, AP-HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, Université Paris Diderot, France.
⁶ Department of Pediatric Emergency, CHU Nord, Marseille, France.
⁷ Pediatric Emergency Unit and Infectious Diseases, University of Lille, CHU Lille, France.
⁸ Department of Pediatric Emergency, AP-HP, Hôpital Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Université Paris Sud, Bicêtre, France.
⁹ Department of General Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France.
¹⁰ Department of Pediatric Emergency, HFME Lyon, France.
¹¹ Department of Pediatrics, CHU Nantes, France.
¹² National Reference Center for Pneumococci, Laboratoire de Microbiologie, AP-HP, Hopital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France.
¹³ Unité Court Séjour, Petits Nourrissons, Service de Néonatologie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, France.

PMID: 30407519
DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piy103

Abstract

We describe here changes in the bacterial causes of pleural empyema before and after implementation of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) program in France (2009-2017). For 220 (39.3%) of 560 children, a bacterial cause was found. The frequency of pneumococcal infection decreased during the study from 79.1% in 2009 to 36.4% in 2017 (P < .001). Group A streptococcus is now the leading cause of documented empyema (45.5%).

Keywords: PCV13; bacterial pneumonia; children; empyema; pleural effusion.

© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].

MeSH terms

Child
Child, Preschool
Community-Acquired Infections / microbiology*
Emergency Service, Hospital
Empyema, Pleural / microbiology*
Female
France / epidemiology
Hospitalization
Humans
Infant
Male
Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Pleural Effusion / microbiology*
Pneumococcal Infections / epidemiology
Pneumococcal Infections / microbiology
Pneumococcal Vaccines / therapeutic use*
Pneumonia / microbiology*
Prospective Studies
Streptococcus pneumoniae / isolation & purification
Streptococcus pyogenes / isolation & purification
Vaccines, Conjugate / therapeutic use

Substances

13-valent pneumococcal vaccine
Pneumococcal Vaccines
Vaccines, Conjugate