Endotracheal Intubation for Traumatic Cardiac Arrest by an Australian Air Medical Service

Air Med J. 2018 Nov-Dec;37(6):371-373. doi: 10.1016/j.amj.2018.07.030. Epub 2018 Sep 8.

Abstract

Objective: Traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) has been associated with poor outcome, but there are survivors with good neurological outcome. Treatment of hypoxia plays a key part in resuscitation algorithms, but little evidence exists on the ideal method of airway management in TCA.

Methods: LifeFlight Retrieval Medicine is an aeromedical retrieval service based in Queensland, Australia. Data regarding all intubations performed over a 28-month period were accessed from an electronic airway registry.

Results: 13/22 TCA patients were male, age range 2-81 years. 7/22 (31.8%) survived to hospital admission. During the same period 271 patients were intubated due to trauma, but were not in cardiac arrest (N-TCA). There was no difference in the likelihood of difficult laryngoscopy in the TCA group (16/22 (72.7%) compared to N-TCA (215/271 (79.3%); p = 0.46). The first attempt success rate was similar in TCA group (19/22 (86.4%)) and N-TCA (241/271 (88.9%) p = 0.71.). TCA patients were more likely to be intubated while lying on the ground than the N-TCA group (11/22 (50%) versus 17/271 (6.3%) p = <0.001).

Conclusion: Resuscitation for predominantly blunt TCA is not futile. The endotracheal intubation first attempt success rate for TCA is comparable to that of N-TCA trauma patients.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Air Ambulances* / statistics & numerical data
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intubation, Intratracheal / methods
  • Intubation, Intratracheal / mortality
  • Intubation, Intratracheal / statistics & numerical data*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / etiology
  • Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / mortality
  • Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / therapy*
  • Queensland
  • Wounds and Injuries / complications
  • Wounds and Injuries / mortality
  • Wounds and Injuries / therapy*
  • Young Adult