Sugar-stimulated CO2 sequestration by the green microalga Chlorella vulgaris

Sci Total Environ. 2019 Mar 1:654:275-283. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.120. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

Abstract

To convert waste CO2 from flue gases of power plants into value-added products, bio-mitigation technologies show promise. In this study, we cultivated a fast-growing species of green microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris, in different sizes of photobioreactors (PBRs) and developed a strategy using small doses of sugars for enhancing CO2 sequestration under light-emitting diode illumination. Glucose supplementation at low levels resulted in an increase of photoautotrophic growth-driven biomass generation as well as CO2 capture by 10% and its enhancement corresponded to an increase of supplied photon flux. The utilization of urea instead of nitrate as the sole nitrogen source increased photoautotrophic growth by 14%, but change of nitrogen source didn't compromise glucose-induced enhancement of photoautotrophic growth. The optimized biomass productivity achieved was 30.4% higher than the initial productivity of purely photoautotrophic culture. The major pigments in the obtained algal biomass were found comparable to its photoautotrophic counterpart and a high neutral lipids productivity of 516.6 mg/(L·day) was achieved after optimization. A techno-economic model was also developed, indicating that LED-based PBRs represent a feasible strategy for converting CO2 into value-added algal biomass.

Keywords: CO(2) capture; Chlorella vulgaris; Fine-tuned mixotrophic growth; LED illumination; Microalga.

MeSH terms

  • Biomass
  • Carbon Dioxide / analysis*
  • Carbon Dioxide / metabolism
  • Carbon Sequestration*
  • Chlorella vulgaris / growth & development*
  • Chlorella vulgaris / metabolism
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Microalgae / growth & development*
  • Microalgae / metabolism
  • Models, Theoretical
  • Photobioreactors / microbiology*
  • Sugars / chemistry*

Substances

  • Sugars
  • Carbon Dioxide