The triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio as a predictor of insulin resistance, β-cell function, and diabetes in Hispanics and African Americans

J Diabetes Complications. 2019 Feb;33(2):118-122. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.10.018. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Abstract

Objective: The TG/HDL-C ratio is used as a marker of insulin resistance (IR) in Caucasians; however, there is limited data in other ethnic groups. We hypothesized that the TG/HDL-C ratio is associated with IR in Hispanics and African Americans (AA).

Research design and methods: Data from the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Family Study was examined for associations between TG/HDL-C ratio and IR, β-cell function and incident diabetes in non-diabetic Hispanics (n = 872, 63% female) and AA (n = 371, 61% female). Insulin sensitivity index (SI) and disposition index (DI) from frequently-sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests were used as markers of IR and β-cell function respectively. Incident type 2 diabetes was determined by fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl or initiation of anti-hyperglycemia agents over 5 year follow-up.

Results: Higher TG/HDL-C ratio was associated with IR in Hispanic and AA men and women (P < 0.0002), as well as β-cell function in Hispanic women and AA men and women (P < 0.02). TG/HDL-C predicted incident type 2 diabetes in women (area under the curves 0.703 and 0.795 for Hispanics and AA respectively).

Conclusions: Similar to Caucasians, the TG/HDL-C ratio can be used to identify IR in Hispanics and AA, and may predict type 2 diabetes in women.

Keywords: African Americans; Beta-cell function; Hispanics; Insulin resistance; TG/HDL-C ratio; Type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Atherosclerosis / blood
  • Atherosclerosis / complications
  • Atherosclerosis / diagnosis
  • Atherosclerosis / ethnology
  • Black or African American / statistics & numerical data
  • Cholesterol, HDL / blood*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / ethnology*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hispanic or Latino / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Insulin Resistance / ethnology*
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells / physiology*
  • Male
  • Metabolic Syndrome / blood
  • Metabolic Syndrome / diagnosis*
  • Metabolic Syndrome / ethnology
  • Metabolic Syndrome / physiopathology
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Triglycerides / blood*

Substances

  • Cholesterol, HDL
  • Triglycerides