Screen for modulators of atonal homolog 1 gene expression using notch pathway-relevant gene transcription based cellular assays

PLoS One. 2018 Dec 12;13(12):e0207140. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207140. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

Atonal homolog 1 (Atoh1) is a basic helix-loop-helix 9 (bHLH) transcription factor acting downstream of Notch and is required for the differentiation of sensory hair cells in the inner ear and the specification of secretory cells during the intestinal crypt cell regeneration. Motivated by the observations that the upregulation of Atoh1 gene expression, through genetic manipulation or pharmacological inhibition of Notch signaling (e.g. γ-secretase inhibitors, GSIs), induces ectopic hair cell growth in the cochlea of the inner ear and partially restores hearing after injuries in experimental models, we decided to identify small molecule modulators of the Notch-Atoh1 pathway, which could potentially regenerate hair cells. However, the lack of cellular models of the inner ear has precluded the screening and characterization of such modulators. Here we report using a colon cancer cell line LS-174T, which displays Notch inhibition-dependent Atoh1 expression as a surrogate cellular model to screen for inducers of Atoh1 expression. We designed an Atoh1 promoter-driven luciferase assay to screen a target-annotated library of ~6000 compounds. We further developed a medium throughput, real-time quantitative RT-PCR assay measuring the endogenous Atoh1 gene expression to confirm the hits and eliminate false positives from the reporter-based screen. This strategy allowed us to successfully recover GSIs of known chemotypes. This LS-174T cell-based assay directly measures Atoh1 gene expression induced through Notch-Hes1 inhibition, and therefore offers an opportunity to identify novel cellular modulators along the Notch-Atoh1 pathway.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / genetics
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / metabolism*
  • Benzodiazepines / pharmacology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Gene Expression / drug effects
  • Genes, Reporter
  • Humans
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Receptors, Notch / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptors, Notch / genetics*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Small Molecule Libraries / pharmacology
  • Transcription Factor HES-1 / genetics
  • Transcription Factor HES-1 / metabolism

Substances

  • ATOH1 protein, human
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
  • Receptors, Notch
  • Small Molecule Libraries
  • Transcription Factor HES-1
  • Benzodiazepines
  • HES1 protein, human

Grants and funding

The funder (GlaxoSmithKline) provided support in the form of salaries for the authors [X.Z., R.K., G.H., D.G., V.L., F.V., J.M., J.B., T.G., Q.L., Z.W., A.B., R.C.], but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section.