Sentinel hospital-based surveillance for norovirus infection in children with gastroenteritis between 2015 and 2016 in Italy

PLoS One. 2018 Dec 14;13(12):e0208184. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208184. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

Noroviruses are one of the leading causes of gastro-enteric diseases worldwide in all age groups. Novel epidemic noroviruses with GII.P16 polymerase and GII.2 or GII.4 capsid type have emerged worldwide in late 2015 and in 2016. We performed a molecular epidemiological study of the noroviruses circulating in Italy to investigate the emergence of new norovirus strains. Sentinel hospital-based surveillance, in three different Italian regions, revealed increased prevalence of norovirus infection in children (<15 years) in 2016 (14.4% versus 9.8% in 2015) and the emergence of GII.P16 strains in late 2016, which accounted for 23.0% of norovirus infections. The majority of the strains with a GII.P16 polymerase showed a GII.2 capsid genotype (79.5%). Also, a marked circulation of strains with a GII.17 capsid (14.0%) was observed, chiefly in early 2016. The emergence and global spread of non-GII.4 noroviruses pose challenges for the development of vaccine strategies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Caliciviridae Infections / epidemiology*
  • Caliciviridae Infections / virology
  • Capsid Proteins / genetics
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Gastroenteritis / epidemiology*
  • Gastroenteritis / virology
  • Genetic Variation
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Italy / epidemiology
  • Norovirus / genetics*
  • Norovirus / isolation & purification
  • Prevalence
  • RNA, Viral / genetics
  • RNA, Viral / isolation & purification
  • RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / genetics
  • Sentinel Surveillance*
  • Sequence Analysis, RNA

Substances

  • Capsid Proteins
  • RNA, Viral
  • RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase

Grants and funding

Financial support was obtained from the grants of Ateneo “Contributo per PRIN 2015”, University of Bari.