Molecular study of hypersensitivity to spores in adults and children from Castile & Leon

Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2019 Jul-Aug;47(4):350-356. doi: 10.1016/j.aller.2018.10.002. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: Biological aerosols play a vital role in the interactions between the atmosphere, biosphere, climate and public health and fungal spores are a component with allergic importance. We constructed a database in Castile & Leon (Spain) and carry out molecular-level component-resolved diagnosis to complete the air quality study carried out since 2006 by our aerobiological network (RACYL) to aid clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: We reviewed a database of 19,774 patients (adults and children) with allergic respiratory disease treated in our unit during the last 12 years. We also made a component-resolved diagnosis of the molecules involved in the pathology in a randomly selected population of 150 patients.

Results: The dimeric glycoprotein Alt a1 from Alternaria is the most prevalent and most useful allergen in the diagnosis of patients with allergy to fungi in our area (94.4%), followed by enolase Alt a 6 (Alternaria), ribonuclease Asp f 1 of Aspergillus and mannitol dehydrogenase from Cla h 8 (Cladosporium).

Conclusions: Our results have helped determine which spore molecules are most-closely associated with allergies. Molecular analysis will be useful to determine more accurate and useful immunotherapy in these patients.

Keywords: Alternaria; Aspergillus; Candida; Cladosporium; Mold allergy; Molecular diagnosis; Penicillium; Spores.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Allergens / immunology
  • Alternaria / immunology
  • Alternariosis / epidemiology*
  • Antigens, Fungal / immunology
  • Aspergillosis / epidemiology*
  • Aspergillus / immunology
  • Child
  • Cladosporium / immunology
  • Databases, Factual
  • Female
  • Fungal Proteins / immunology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Respiratory Hypersensitivity / epidemiology*
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • Spores, Fungal / immunology*
  • Tinea / epidemiology*

Substances

  • ALTB1 protein, Alternaria brassicicola
  • ASPF1 protein, Aspergillus fumigatus
  • Allergens
  • Antigens, Fungal
  • Cla h 8 protein, Cladosporium herbarum
  • Fungal Proteins