Predictors of Acute Radiation Esophagitis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Accelerated Hyperfractionated Chemoradiotherapy

Anticancer Res. 2019 Jan;39(1):491-497. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.13139.

Abstract

Background/aim: To identify the clinical and dosimetric predictors of severe acute radiation esophagitis (RE) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with accelerated hyperfractionated concurrent chemoradiotherapy (AH-CCRT) with concomitant boost technique.

Patients and methods: A total of 159 patients who underwent AH-CCRT (64 Gy in 40 fractions twice daily) were retrospectively identified. Severe RE was designated as grade 3 or higher according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.0.

Results: The incidence rate of grade 3 RE was 15.1% (24/159). The multivariate analysis that incorporated the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS, ≥1 vs. 0) and the relative esophagus volume irradiated with at least 60 Gy (V60) was optimal. Patients with a V60 of ≥15% had a 37.8% risk of grade 3 RE compared to a 6.1% risk among those with a V60 of <15%.

Conclusion: ECOG PS (≥1 vs. 0) and the V60 were found to be significant risk factors for severe RE in NSCLC patients who underwent AH-CCRT.

Keywords: Radiation esophagitis; accelerated hyperfractionation; chemoradiation; concomitant boost technique; non-small cell lung cancer.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Radiation Syndrome / etiology
  • Acute Radiation Syndrome / pathology*
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / complications
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / radiotherapy*
  • Chemoradiotherapy / adverse effects*
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Esophagitis / etiology
  • Esophagitis / pathology*
  • Esophagus / pathology
  • Esophagus / radiation effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Radiation Injuries / etiology
  • Radiation Injuries / pathology
  • Radiotherapy Dosage